Samira Rahnama; Hossein Khozeymehnezhad; Abbas KhasheiSiuki
Abstract
Background and Aim:Due to the increasing demands of the human population to groundwater, protection and prevention of these water resources from pollution are necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater aquifer in Kuchesfahan- Astane plain located in Gilan province ...
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Background and Aim:Due to the increasing demands of the human population to groundwater, protection and prevention of these water resources from pollution are necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vulnerability of groundwater aquifer in Kuchesfahan- Astane plain located in Gilan province using DRASTIC method and nonparametric models. Materials and Methods:In this study, seven layers were prepared for parameters in GIS software, and after weighting and combining standard ranks, the groundwater vulnerability maps for the study area were prepared. Nitrate data were used to validate the model in this region. Subsequently, by using the nonparametric models, Instance-Based Learning with parameter K (IBK) and the Tree Decision M5, the amount of nitrate was estimated. Meanwhile, Gamma test was conducted to find the best combination of input parameters. ResultsThe results revealed that the vulnerability of groundwater aquifer in this plain has 4 classes including 18.56 % in low vulnerability, 51.29 % in low to medium vulnerability, 28.46% in medium to high vulnerability, and 1.67% in high vulnerability classes. Also, the results showed that both of the nonparametric models have suitable estimates of the nitrate content, but the M5 decision tree model yielded the best results (R2=0.98). Conclusion:The results showed that nonparametric models are efficient method to estimate the aquifer vulnerability and provide accurate results to estimate the potential of contamination in the study area.This demonstrates the superiority of the M5 model over other aquatic vulnerability assessment methods.
Mojtaba Hasanpour; Hossein Khozeymehnezhad
Abstract
Background and purpose: More than 85 percent of urban sewage and a large proportion of industrial wastewater are water, so refined sewage can be used in any part of the activities that require water. The aim of this study was to provide a practical solution for quantitative and qualitative groundwater ...
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Background and purpose: More than 85 percent of urban sewage and a large proportion of industrial wastewater are water, so refined sewage can be used in any part of the activities that require water. The aim of this study was to provide a practical solution for quantitative and qualitative groundwater aquifer regeneration in areas where soil and groundwater conditions are suitable for artificial nutrition by introducing refined sewage to groundwater aquifers with a lower quality. Materials and Methods: In this study, the chemical quality criteria for artificial feeding of aquifer including hydraulic conductivity, thickness unsaturated soil, topography and land use in geographic information systems were studied to determine the appropriate public areas for artificial feeding in land aquifer Birjand. Also, the criteria for increasing the improvement of chemical quality (quantitative and qualitative increase) were also weighed using the (Analytic Network Process) ANP method and Super Decisions software, so that the chemical quality of the aquifer was ranked as the first priority of the artificial nutrition. Results:Based on the nutritional goal, 6.63 square kilometers of land were classified in very good and 50.66 square kilometers in good regional classifications. Based on the objective of improving the chemical quality , 1.13 square kilometers of lands were classified into a very good category and 55.61 square kilometers in good classification. For this purpose, the treated wastewater is injected into areas of an aquifer that has poor quality, to improve its quality. Conclusion: In this research, using the location of susceptible artificial feeding areas, a solution was proposed that, while feeding areas of an aquifer that has poor quality, also increases its quality. This will make aquifer water suitable for agricultural use. This solution preserves higher quality resources for drinking and sanitary purposes.